Research Activity: Qualitative and Quantitative

Focus on different methods of gathering data and material. Feedback the advantages and disadvantages.

There are two type of data that can be used for research method, that is;
  • Primary data
  • Secondary data
Primary data is a data that are being collect by the researcher themselves for the purpose it was being collected.


Secondary data is a data that are gathered by other researcher such as studies, book, journal, diaries and so on.

Quantitative method is gathering information that can be measured and expressed numerically. It is usually used for large scale representative samples. Quantitative method such as;

  • Primary data: Survey
  • Primary data: Observation
  • Secondary data: Company account

Survey is a set of questions that is being done by the researcher for the participants. Participants such as an entire group or individuals. Survey are useful for researcher aims to describe feature of a large groups.

Advantages:
  • High Representatives
  • Low Costs
  • Convenient Data Gathering
  • Good Statistical Significance
  • Little or No Observer Subjectivity
  • Precise Results
Disadvantages:
  • Inflexible Design
  • Not Ideal for Controversial Issues
  • Possible Inappropriateness of Questions
Observation is used as a way of quickly gaining some general details about one’s population of interest to help prepare for a more focused, in-depth study using time-intensive methods such as in-depth interviews or field research. In this case, a survey may help a researcher identify specific individuals or locations from which to collect additional data.
Advantages:
  • Research by offering a real-world aspect to a hypothesis.
  • Allows you to see how consumers act together and separately.
  • Allows you to create and observe actual situations.
  • An improve the quality of an initial behavioral analysis based on demographics, therefore increasing the validity of research
  • Provides a more reliable measurement of actual consumer behavior, rather than self-report metrics.
  • This technique is ideal for situations in which nonverbal communication is important for a complete consumer profile.
Disadvantages:
  • Can include a high degree of researcher bias.
  • The method also relies on the interpretation of observation.
  • Research doesn’t always return an accurate demographic sample.
  • Attitudes and opinions cannot be clearly expressed only through actions, so it may not be the clearest picture possible.
Secondary data: Company accounts.

Qualitative method is gathering information in which the information that is being gather are in words, attributes and properties. Therefore, the information needs to be in-depth about the project's topic. It is usually used for small scale representative sample. Qualitative method such as;

  • Primary data: Interview
  • Primary data: Focus Group
  • Primary data: Postcards
  • Primary data: Observation
  • Secondary data: Article, Books, Movie Review, Scholar's Journal. 


Interview is a personal interview that is carried out with one participant at a time. This is purely a conversational method and invites opportunities to get details in depth from the participant.

Advantages:
  • Accurate screening.
  • Capture verbal and non-verbal ques.
  • Keep focus.
  • Capture emotions and behaviors.
Disadvantages:
  • Cost.
  • Quality of data by interviewer.
  • Manual data entry.
  • Limit sample size.
Focus group is almost like interview but it is usually includes a limited number of participants (6-10) from within your target market.

Advantages:
  • Easily Measure Customer Reaction
  • Time-Saving Opportunity
Disadvantages:
  • Not as In-Depth as Other Market Research
  • Expensive
  • Moderator Bias
Postcards is a small scale written in questionnaire (three or four questions) where it is given to one person to another to answer and need to leave a space for them to write they answers. This is only suitable, if all the participant are in the same area.

Advantages:
  • Time saving

Disadvantages:
  • The participant is not honest as other participant can read they opinion of the subject.
  • Expensive

Observation for Qualitative method is the same as Quantitative method but the only different is how the researcher do it. In this case, the researcher will take note of the person behavior toward the object. For example, in an experiment; the researcher will take note of the experiment's step.
Secondary data: Article, book, movie reviews, scholarly journal.

Choose the method that you will use in your project. Justify your choices.

In my project, I will be using both Qualitative and Quantitative to ensure that I have complete understanding about the public opinion toward my topic of the project.

In Primary data, I will be using both Qualitative and Quantitative Method Research; Survey and Interview. By using Survey Method Research, It is suitable for large quantity of participants. Therefore, I will be able to approximate on how the public act on my project topic; be it good or bad response. By using interview, I will choose from the previous participant from the Survey participant to justify they answers as well as ask something related toward my project. Hence, I will be able to get insight of how they actually feel.

In Secondary data, I will only be using Qualitative Research Method by using Article and books. This is to justify my answers as well as to know if I can understand about my topic. 


Reference:

S, S. (2016). Difference Between Qualitative and Quantitative Data (with Comparison Chart) - Key Differences. [online] Key Differences. Available at: https://keydifferences.com/difference-between-qualitative-and-quantitative-data.html [Accessed 15 May 2019].


QuestionPro. (2018). Qualitative Research: Definition, Types, Methods and Examples. [online] Available at: https://www.questionpro.com/blog/qualitative-research-methods/ [Accessed 20 May 2019].


DeFranzo, S. (2014). Advantages and Disadvantages of Face-to-Face Data Collection. [online] Snap Surveys Blog. Available at: https://www.snapsurveys.com/blog/advantages-disadvantages-facetoface-data-collection/ [Accessed 20 May 2019].


Explorable.com. (2019). Advantages and Disadvantages of Surveys. [online] Available at: https://explorable.com/advantages-and-disadvantages-of-surveys [Accessed 20 May 2019].


Statistics How To. (2018). Primary Data & Secondary Data: Definition & Example - Statistics How To. [online] Available at: https://www.statisticshowto.datasciencecentral.com/primary-data-secondary/ [Accessed 20 May 2019].

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